com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Landroid/support/v13/app/FragmentCompat23;

com.android.dex.DexException: Multiple dex files define Landroid/support/v13/app/FragmentCompat23;

UNEXPECTED TOP-LEVEL EXCEPTION:

    at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.readSortableTypes(DexMerger.java:596)
    at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.getSortedTypes(DexMerger.java:554)
    at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeClassDefs(DexMerger.java:535)
    at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.mergeDexes(DexMerger.java:171)
    at com.android.dx.merge.DexMerger.merge(DexMerger.java:189)
    at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.mergeLibraryDexBuffers(Main.java:502)
    at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.runMonoDex(Main.java:334)
    at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.run(Main.java:277)
    at com.android.dx.command.dexer.Main.main(Main.java:245)
    at com.android.dx.command.Main.main(Main.java:106)

Where did this error occur?

Latest Android Studio 1.4 using a gradle built.

What type of exception?

Runtime exception when starting an Android project.

What programming language and version?

Java 1.7

What dependencies?

The following dependencies are used.

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')

    compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services-gcm:8.1.0'
    compile 'joda-time:joda-time:2.8.2'
    compile 'com.wefika:flowlayout:0.4.1'
    compile 'com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.5.2'
    compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:retrofit:2.0.0-beta1'
    compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:converter-gson:2.0.0-beta1'
    compile 'com.makeramen:dragsortadapter:1.3.0'
    compile 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.5.0'
    compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.3.1'
    compile 'org.adw.library:discrete-seekbar:1.0.0'
    compile 'com.android.support:preference-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:preference-v14:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:palette-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:support-v13:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:design:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:1.3.0'
}

THE SOLUTION

Other found issues on the web

On stackoverflow, in one case a similiar bug has this solution

The problem was in apkLib dependency and confuse msg from Gradle.

The one who asked this question could solve this problem this way:

this error appeared to me when I imported some libs that required Google Play services,

I just passed from:

compile 'com.google.android.gms:play-services:6.5.87'

to:

compile ('com.google.android.gms:play-services:6.5.87') {
    exclude module: 'support-v4'
}

Now it builds ok



http://stackoverflow.com/questions/25384166/multiple-dex-files-define-landroid-support-v4-accessibilityservice-accessibility

My issue

Luckily my issue could be solved using a smiliar approach, just with the latest Google Play Services GCM

dependencies {
    compile fileTree(include: ['*.jar'], dir: 'libs')

    compile ('com.google.android.gms:play-services-gcm:8.1.0') {
        exclude module: 'support-v4'
    }
    compile 'joda-time:joda-time:2.8.2'
    compile 'com.wefika:flowlayout:0.4.1'
    compile 'com.squareup.picasso:picasso:2.5.2'
    compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:retrofit:2.0.0-beta1'
    compile 'com.squareup.retrofit:converter-gson:2.0.0-beta1'
    compile 'com.makeramen:dragsortadapter:1.3.0'
    compile 'com.squareup.okhttp:okhttp:2.5.0'
    compile 'com.google.code.gson:gson:2.3.1'
    compile 'org.adw.library:discrete-seekbar:1.0.0'
    compile 'com.android.support:preference-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:preference-v14:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:palette-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:support-v13:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:design:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:cardview-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:23.0.1'
    compile 'de.hdodenhof:circleimageview:1.3.0'
}